Whenever it snows or ices, we always receive calls about roof leaks. Although the leak is originating from a higher point, it may not be directly related to an issue with the roof.
However, water is entering because of ice damming. Regrettably, this is very typical in our region of Middle Tennessee and other southern states.
But what is an ice dam, exactly? Why does it lead to leaks? Is it possible to stop it?
What is an ice dam on a roof?
An ice dam forms on a roof when snow and ice accumulate near the gutter line (eaves) and create a physical barrier of ice. The term “dam” is used because it physically blocks the flow of water as ice melts, preventing drainage.
You can recognize an ice dam by noticing a large number of icicles hanging from your gutters. Although most frequently observed around the gutter line, ice damming can also happen in roof valleys, around a roof cricket, and where a valley meets a wall (deadpan valley).
Regrettably, ice dams in roof valleys are more challenging to spot as they are typically concealed behind snow until the thawing process begins.
How does an ice dam lead to roof leaks?
Whether it’s near the gutter line or in a roof valley, an ice dam prevents water from flowing down your roof. When the passage is obstructed, water accumulates and remains on a surface that is not designed to hold standing water.
This accumulated water ultimately seeps beneath your roof covering and trickles inside your house until the temperature outside rises enough for the ice dam to entirely melt.
Regrettably, there is typically a significant amount of water, so ensure you have a bucket to collect the water entering your property.
Visual representation of how ice damming leads to roof leaks in a roof valley
Regrettably, there is little action a roofer may do to prevent leaks caused by ice damming after it has already started. Yet, there are actions you may do to avoid ice dam leaks.
How can you stop roof leaks that are caused by ice dams?
Although you can’t stop ice dam leaks when they occur, there are steps you can do during roof replacement to avoid them in the future. One method involves placing ice and water shield along the edges (rakes and eaves) of your roof, extending 2 feet beyond the inner walls of your home.
Ice and water shield is placed on the borders and in the valleys of the roof to stop leaks from ice damming.
If you are unable to accomplish so at the margins, you can use ice and water shield in your roof valleys.
Conversely, flat valleys require metal or a membrane material to be placed in the valley and/or against the wall to stop water from entering crevices.
Is it possible to stop ice dams from forming?
So, you can avoid ice dam leaks by placing the appropriate materials in the correct locations, but is it possible to stop them from developing initially?
Actually, it varies according on your location, the weather, and how much frigid temperatures you experience.
Nevertheless, there are actions you may take to reduce the chances of ice dams forming. One method is to add insulation to your attic to stop warm air from getting out via the roof.
This maintains the roof at a consistent temperature with the outdoors, preventing snow from melting and creating ice jams.
In addition to insulating, adequate attic ventilation decreases the likelihood of ice damming by removing warm air and ensuring the attic is cool to maintain a steady temperature. Another method to avoid ice damming is to ensure your gutters and roof are free of debris.
Accumulated debris is already forming a barrier that blocks drainage, and the situation is exacerbated by the formation of ice. Unlike a typical ice dam that melts, this one remains until the debris is cleared.
How can you remove ice jams from your roof?
Some residents climb onto their rooftops to remove ice dams using a hose, buckets of hot water, shovel, or rake, but this is not recommended. It poses a significant safety hazard and can also result in substantial damage to your roof.
Instead, you should utilize particular roofing equipment, like a roof rake, to clear snow from your roof in a safe and effective manner. Prior to buying and using tools, conduct study to make sure they are suitable for roofing and will not result in any damage.
Although more prevalent in regions with regular snow and ice accumulation, there are also heating cables that may be placed on your roof to stop ice dams from developing. Nevertheless, this can lead to further problems and a possible fire risk.
Will homeowners insurance protect against ice dams?
Unless explicitly mentioned, homeowners insurance often does not cover the root cause of ice damming. Depending on your insurance, they typically cover damage to the structure and personal belongings (such as clothing, pianos, TVs, etc.) caused by the leak.
Nevertheless, coverage for repairing ice dam issues on your roof through homeowners insurance can differ based on where you live, the insurance provider, and the specific policy.
Therefore, examine your documents and discuss with your agent the choices available if your roof begins to leak due to ice damming.
Are you dealing with a roof leak due to ice damming?
Now you understand what ice damming is, why it leads to leaks, how to avoid it, and additional information. Regrettably, the only option is to have a bucket nearby when the leaking begins.
And remember, avoid causing further expensive issues by attempting to clear it without the appropriate equipment. Instead, your top choice is to enlist a quality roofing business to set up the precautionary procedures we previously talked about.
If you have a roof leak due to an ice blockage, you should look for a skilled roofer nearby. In order to accomplish this, you require the appropriate guidance to identify one among many choices.
Conclusion
In conclusion, ice damming on roofs occurs when snow melts and refreezes at the eaves, leading to water buildup and potential damage.
Preventive measures such as proper insulation, ventilation, and sealing can mitigate the risk of ice dam formation.
Prompt action, such as using heated cables or removing snow, can help alleviate existing ice dams and prevent costly damage to the roof and interior of the home.
Regular maintenance and awareness of weather conditions are essential for protecting against ice damming and maintaining the integrity of the roof.